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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00340_Text_re02t.txt
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1997-02-04
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54 lines
Set-up for the Nijhawan
experiment: from the other side
of the barrier the observer
views, through the opening,
each figure suspended in space.
The projections of the figures
onto the picture plane
correspond to the retinal
images produced by the figures.
In a recent ingenious
experiment conducted at
Berkeley on the M├╝ller-Lyer
illusion, Romi Nijhawan used
three-dimensional figures with
the arrowheads in a different
plane than the shaft, as seen at
left. However, he placed the
figures in such a way that the
retinal images reversed the
actual state of affairs (e.g., the
shaft in the figure with the
reversed arrowheads creates a
retinal image with normal
arrowheads). When an observer
viewed the objects with only
one eye, the true depth could
not be perceived, and the
illusion followed what one
would expect based on the
retinal images. But with
binocular vision, which
allowed veridical perception of
which way the arrowheads
pointed, the illusion was
reversed. Hence the illusion is
not based directly on the
retinal patterns normally
created by the illusion figures,
but on how the figures are
perceived. This experiment
thus rules out a number of
theories that are based on the
retinal images these figures
produce. Instead, to my way of
thinking, it supports the
incorrect comparison theory.
The reversed arrowheads are
perceived as if to extend the
shaftΓÇÖs length and that makes it
difficult to isolate the shaft
from them.